Krampusnacht and Perchten Runs: Dark Winter Traditions of the Alps

What Is Krampusnacht?

Every December, in the snowy Alps, a terrifying figure named Krampus stalks the streets. With goat horns, fangs, and rattling chains, he is the dark twin of St. Nicholas.

On December 5th, called Krampusnacht (“Krampus Night”), he appears in parades or door-to-door visits. St. Nicholas rewards good children with treats, while Krampus frightens the naughty ones. This chilling mix of fear and fun makes Krampusnacht one of Europe’s most unique winter traditions.

Where Did Krampus Come From?

The roots of Krampus go back to pre-Christian Alpine folklore. Long before Christmas, villagers told stories of wild spirits and half-animal creatures who ruled the winter darkness. When Christianity spread, these legends blended with the feast of St. Nicholas (December 6th).

For centuries, church leaders tried to ban Krampus because he looked “too pagan.” But mountain communities kept the custom alive. Today, Krampus is more popular than ever, with Krampusläufe (“Krampus runs”) drawing thousands of spectators.

What Are Perchten Runs?

Alongside Krampus, the Alps also celebrate Perchten runs. These parades honor the mysterious goddess Frau Perchta, who was said to roam the mountains during winter.

• Schönperchten (“Beautiful Perchten”) bring blessings and good fortune.
• Schiachperchten (“Ugly Perchten”) look monstrous and scare away evil spirits.

Unlike Krampusnacht, Perchten runs take place from late December to early January, especially during the Rauhnächte (the 12 nights between Christmas and Epiphany).

When & Where to See Them

Want to experience these traditions yourself? Here’s where and when:

• Krampusnacht: December 5th, mostly in Austria, Bavaria (Germany), South Tyrol (Italy), and Slovenia.
• Perchten Runs: Late December to January 6th, especially in Salzburg, Tyrol, and Styria (Austria).

Famous locations include Schladming, Innsbruck, Salzburg, Berchtesgaden, and Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Tourism boards in these regions post official parade dates each year.

Expect fire, smoke, horns, and lots of noise — it’s equal parts spooky and spectacular.

Fun Facts:

Is Krampus the devil?

No. Krampus looks devilish but is not Satan. He is a folklore character who scares children into good behavior.

Why do Perchten wear bells?

The bells are meant to chase away evil spirits and “wake up” the sleeping earth for spring.

Can kids take part?

Yes, mostly as spectators. Some towns even have family-friendly parades, but the main events can be very intense.

Do people still believe in them?

Not literally. Today, Krampus and Perchten are seen as cultural traditions that keep Alpine folklore alive.